This second edition provides updated recommendations for ultrasound examination of the whole urogenital system. Most of the chapters is updated, with new images and video clips; others are completely rewritten according to recent developments and guidelines. New chapters are added, mainly about in contrast-enhanced ultrasound, fusion transperineal prostate biopsy, focal ablation in prostate cancer, microultrasound and multiparametric US, bladder outlet obstruction, and computerized analysis of ultrasound through artificial neural networks. Coverage includes the role of ultrasound in imaging disorders of the kidneys, urinary tract of the prostate, seminal vesicles, bladder, testicles, and penis, including male infertility disorders. Detailed consideration is given to intraoperative and interventional ultrasound and recently developed ultrasound techniques. Each chapter defines the purpose and indications for ultrasound; identifies its benefits and limitations; specifies technology standards for devices; outlines performance of investigation; establishes the expected accuracy of the differential diagnosis; and indicates the reporting method. Most recommendations are based on literature review; precedent recommendations; and the opinions of the recognized experts, of the Section of Urological Imaging (ESUI), of the European Society of Urology (EAU), of the Italian Society of Integrated Diagnostics in Urology, Andrology, and Nephrology (SIEUN), of the Italian Society of Urology (SIU) and Nephrology (SIN). This book can be of support both to those taking their first steps in the field of ultrasound, and to subject expert and ultrasound experts, who want to clarify some aspects in the field of urinary tract and male genitalia.