This book offers a new theoretical framework within which to understand “the mind-body problem�. The crux of this problem is phenomenal experience, which Thomas Nagel famously described as “what it is like� to be a certain living creature. David Chalmers refers to the problem of “what-it-is-like� as “the hard problem� of consciousness and claims that this problem is so “hard� that investigators have either just ignored the issue completely, investigated a similar (but distinct) problem, or claimed that there is literally nothing to investigate – that phenomenal experience is illusory. This book contends that phenomenal experience is both very real and very important. Two specific “biological naturalist� views are considered in depth. One of these two views, in particular, seems to be free from problems; adopting something along the lines of this view might finally allow us to make sense of the mind-body problem. An essential read for anyone who believes that nosatisfactory solution to “the mind-body problem� has yet been discovered.