The fourth edition of this book has been thoroughly updated and revised in accordance with the competency-based curriculum of Pathology. It has been structured in question-answer format that incorporates information in a concise manner with bulleted points for rapid review and easy recapitulation. This is an endeavour to make understanding of Pathology easier so as to facilitate learning by students and help them apply their knowledge to the problems they encounter in their clinical practice later in life. This edition is based on Robbins & Cotran, Pathologic Basis of Disease, 10th edition.• Covers questions that are commonly/frequently asked in major universities.• Covers all “must know” topics in a very simple language and easily comprehensible style.• Organized in small paragraphs and bulleted points to help in rapid revision before examination.• Tabulation of contrasting features of morphologically similar conditions for further clarification of concepts.• Text enriched with flowcharts explaining mechanism of evolution of disease.• Special emphasis has been laid on clinical presentation (symptoms and signs) and understanding the evolution of disease.• Prioritization of laboratory investigations has been stressed upon in order to provide an integrated approach to the study of pathology and to strengthen the clinical decision-making ability.