This book is a collection of papers from the 9th International ISAAC Congress held in 2013 in Kraków, Poland. The papers are devoted to recent results in mathematics, focused on analysis and a wide range of its applications. These include up-to-date findings of the following topics: - Differential Equations: Complex and Functional Analytic Methods - Nonlinear PDE - Qualitative Properties of Evolution Models - Differential and Difference Equations - Toeplitz Operators - Wavelet Theory - Topological and Geometrical Methods of Analysis - Queueing Theory and Performance Evaluation of Computer Networks - Clifford and Quaternion Analysis - Fixed Point Theory - M-Frame Constructions - Spaces of Differentiable Functions of Several Real Variables Generalized Functions - Analytic Methods in Complex Geometry - Topological and Geometrical Methods of Analysis - Integral Transforms and Reproducing Kernels - Didactical Approaches to Mathematical Thinking Their wide applications in biomathematics, mechanics, queueing models, scattering, geomechanics etc. are presented in a concise, but comprehensible way, such that further ramifications and future directions can be immediately seen.