This proceedings contains a collection of selected, peer-reviewed contributions from the 4th International Workshop "Differential Geometric Structures and Applications" held in Haifa, Israel from May 10–13, 2023. The papers included in this volume showcase the latest advancements in modern geometry and interdisciplinary applications in fields ranging from mathematical physics to biology. Since 2008, this workshop series has provided a platform for researchers in pure and applied mathematics, including students, to engage in discussions and explore the frontiers of modern geometry. Previous workshops in the series have focused on topics such as "Reconstruction of Geometrical Objects Using Symbolic Computations" (2008), "Geometry and Symbolic Computations" (2013), and "Geometric Structures and Interdisciplinary Applications" (2018).