Knowledge that electrifies! This textbook is a practical guide that provides physiotherapists, masseur-balneotherapists, massage therapists, and occupational therapists with the perfect foundation for the effective use of electrotherapeutic modalities. It not only delivers well-founded expertise, but also takes your therapeutic know-how to the next level?clearly structured, practice-oriented, and based on the latest research. Contents include: Pain, pain inhibition, and pain processing Physical principles: electricity, sound, laser, and more Modalities: TENS, muscle stimulation, low-frequency stimulation and Galvanic current, laser, ultrasound, high-frequency therapy An additional chapter on risk management, including implementation, sources of error, and key questions Plus: treatment protocols and assessment forms available as practical downloadable supplementary material. New in the 2nd edition: Updated, revised, and expanded?based on the latest scientific evidence.