This book provides a comprehensive evidence-based guide to the management of the difficult airway in adult patients. It offers recommendations grounded in current scientific evidence, educational frameworks, and practical implementation tools, particularly cognitive aids applicable to airway management in anesthesiology, critical care, emergency medicine, and prehospital care. The principles presented in this book emphasize the importance of human factors, cognitive processes involved in decision-making during critical situations, and the optimization of airway management strategies to preserve adequate alveolar oxygenation and improve patient safety and quality of care. This practical manual, enriched with recommendations and expert guidance, is an essential resource for anesthesiologists, intensivists, emergency physicians, and allied healthcare professionals involved in everyday clinical practice.