This book highlights the importance of surface nanomaterials for analytical applications and diagnostics. As widely been stated, surface is the base for all downstream analytical applications and the incorporation of additional material to form a hybrid makes a drastic improvement in the performance of the surfaces. Even though, metallic hybrid materials play a pivotal role, non-metallic and metallic hybrid materials yield new avenues. Characterization of these hybrid nanomaterials provides a detailed insight, which attests to new inventions and novel materials. Hybrid nanomaterials are characterized by analytical systems and to generate the analytical systems hybrid materials are essential. The potential of hybrid nanomaterials exists within various interdisciplinary sciences including medicine, which this book presents.