This book is an introductory one developed from over 40 years of teaching experience in courses such as ?Neutron Scattering,? ?Small-Angle Scattering,? and ?Materials Science? at both undergraduate and graduate levels. It also draws upon materials used in professional and industry-focused lectures. Designed to provide a coherent and accessible entry point into the field, the book emphasizes key equations and concepts that are often considered challenging or essential for understanding the theoretical foundations of neutron scattering. Many of these equations reflect the kinds of difficulties learners commonly encounter, making the content relatable and pedagogically effective. To support understanding, the book also includes numerous practice problems. Each chapter begins with familiar examples to help readers intuitively grasp the central themes. While numerous reference works and monographs on neutron diffraction and scattering exist, this single-author book offers a unified perspective intended to enhance comprehension. Most figures and illustrations were created specifically for this book to support clarity and consistency. The primary audience includes researchers investigating the structure and dynamics of soft matter?such as polymers, micelles, and gels?as well as those preparing to conduct neutron scattering experiments. Additionally, the book serves as a general introduction to scattering techniques, including X-ray and light scattering, and is suitable for use in undergraduate, specialized, and graduate-level university courses. By presenting neutron scattering in an approachable and integrated manner, this book aims to inspire deeper interest and engagement with the field.