This book provides a science diplomacy outlook as a new governance tool in international cooperation. It elaborates on Indias current S&T collaboration with Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Maldives, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, and science policy and science diplomacy in India. The book introduces concepts and contours of science diplomacy with international examples. It presents insights into international governance models, mega-science projects, and science diplomacys role in addressing global climate change and sustainable development challenges. The book is a valuable reference to spark breakthroughs in India science diplomacy with its neighbouring countries for scientists, diplomats, policymakers, government, and non-government institutions interested in science and diplomacy.