This book traces the evolution of Chinese public institutions from the Shang and Zhou dynasties to modern China, including a diverse range of topics such as the bureaucratic system, the fiscal and economic system, talent selection, appointment and assessment, imperial examination, governance and censorship and justice in ancient China. It further covers the new policies, constitution, welfare state, national assembly and other important issues in modern Chinese history. In terms of methodology, this work aims to integrate research approaches from law, history, and politics. It combines insights from constitutional and administrative law, legal history, comparative jurisprudence, and the study of government organizations to provide a comprehensive analysis of Chinese public institutions over time.