This book focuses on rehabilitation demonstrating how translational research may help clinicians in boosting neural plasticity and functional recovery. Translational Neurorehabilitation is a new interesting field that seeks to produce more meaningful, applicable rehabilitation results that directly enhance human health, performance and quality of life. As neurological diseases increase with age and people who survive a brain injury are rising, thanks to the improvement of intensive acute care, the need to appeal to neurorehabilitation will double in the next few years. Motor, cognitive and behavior approaches have changed over the years and novel tools to treat brain and spinal cord injury should be validated before translating them into clinical practice. The book is aimed to expand the current understanding of brain function and disease by evaluating preclinical and clinical trials on neural plasticity and functional recovery after nervous system disorders. Also, it  disseminates the knowledge coming from novel therapies, including advanced robotic and ICT-based applications. The book will be of interest to neuroscientists, physiatrists, neural engineers, and clinical neurologists.