This book covers recent technological breakthroughs pertinent to the electrification of vehicles, aircraft, rolling stock, and watercraft. Unlike existing publications that either focus on one of the modes of transportation or focus on multiple modes with minimal emphasis on their potential synergies, the editors adopt a hybrid bottom-up, top-down approach. The book includes chapters that dive into the deepest details of recent breakthroughs and advances in each mode of transportation. It also maintains a holistic vision of how/whether those advances can be applicable to other modes. Later chapters look at all modes of transportation panoramically, comparatively determine their current status of development, identify distinctive and common barriers, challenges, gaps of technology and knowledge, opportunities, and possible solutions.