This textbook aims to provide practical and comprehensive guidance on the application of music and music therapy in clinical settings. The chapters are written with an evidence-based approach. The first part of the volume defines the psychological, biological, and neuroscientific basis of the therapeutic use of music. Then, various chapters describe the main application techniques (both active and receptive) exploring their therapeutic rationale, purposes, applications in preventive and therapeutic-rehabilitation settings, and possible methods of assessment. An overview of the main clinical areas addressed by music-based therapeutic interventions is also presented, including references to scientific literature, systematic and meta-analytic reviews as well as studies with rigorous methodologies (Randomized Controlled Trials). The final chapter focuses on research, outlining the current state of the art and possible future scenarios within this specific context.  The authors of this book are scholars and practitioners in music therapy and related disciplines with recognized experience in clinical and research settings. This book will be an invaluable tool for individuals with an interest in music therapy and its application in clinical settings, such as students studying music therapy, practicing music therapists, researchers, and professionals in related disciplines.