This book takes a non-parametric approach to analyze integrated measures of economic growth, energy use, and sustainability. Recently, many corporate leaders, policymakers, organizations, and individuals have become concerned about environmental issues, simultaneously paying attention to economic prosperity and the green growth of the economy. This book combines methodology and application. Methodologically, the book introduces non-parametric approaches—for instance, data envelopment analysis–discriminant analysis (DEA-DA) and data envelopment analysis–environmental assessment (DEA-EA). From a practical perspective, the book provides readers such as researchers and graduate students with models under the proposed non-parametric analytical frameworks and examines environmental issues and economic development. Included are application studies of these approaches using national-, regional-, and corporate-level datasets. Also discussed are policy implications and future directions of sustainable development based on empirical results.